Anaesthetic for telescopic procedures in the thorax.

Over the past decade, there has been an increase in endoscopic procedures within the thorax for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Each has its indications, techniques and complications. However, the one common denominator is that there is always the possibility that thoracotomy may be necessary. Occasionally, particularly if considerable haemorrhage occurs, thoracotomy may be required immediately. Consequently, the clinical examination and investigations should be orientated to this possibility. The medical and theatre staff should be prepared for, and trained to deal with, such an eventuality.